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What is the Cornea?
The cornea is the transparent outer layer at the front of the eye. It is positioned directly in front of the iris and pupil allowing light to enter the eye. There are five layers of the cornea; the epithelium, the stroma, and the endothelium.
Epithelium
Outer protective layer that creates a barrier from dust, debris, and bacteria.
Bowman’s Layer
A smooth layer, located between the epithelium and the stroma in the cornea of the eye.
Stroma
Center layer that makes up 90% of the cornea comprised on collagen and other structural materials.
Descemet’s Membrane
A layer of collagen fibers positioned between the Stroma and the Endothelium.
Endothelium
A single layer of squamous endothelial cells located on the Descemet membrane. This innermost layer of the cornea forms a border between circulating blood and fluids.
Cornea health is important to maintain in order to sustain vision. Infections and disease are common conditions that require seeing an optometrist or ophthalmologist for diagnosis and care. These conditions can range from simple to complex. Such conditions can result in clouding and distortion of vision as well as potential blindness. While infections related to contact lenses, abrasions from trauma, and inflammation are common, but do require treatment. Additional ailments impacting the cornea including keratoconus, Fuchs’ endothelial dystrophy, and pterygia among many others. Our experienced team of ophthalmologists are available to for consultation and continued care.
Signs of Corneal Infection or Disease
Causing of Cornea Damage or Disease
- Infection: Bacterial, fungal and viral infections are common causes of corneal damage.
- Age
- Heredity
- Cataract and intraocular lens implant surgery
- Contact lenses
- Eye trauma
- Certain systemic diseases
Diagnosing Corneal Infections, Damage, or Disease
Your doctor will examine your eyes using multiple instruments to test and exam the health of your eyes and its structure. Dilation and special dye drops may be required during comprehensive examination. The examinations are non-invasive and painless. You may require a ride after the appointment if you are dilated for the exam.
Treatment for Cornea Infections, Damage, or Disease
If you have any symptoms or conditions, do hesitate to reach out for an exam. It is better to protect your vision by treating immediately then trying to repair vision loss. Minor conditions may require antibiotic or steroid drops to treat, other conditions may require a more extensive care plan. It is not recommended to use the drops from another patient or the use of Visine. Please speak to your doctor regarding treatment.
With more permanent damage, a corneal transplantation may be required. With advances in medicine there are procedures such as Descemet Stripping Endothelial Keratoplasty (DSEK) and Descemet Membrane Endothelial Keratoplasty (DMEK) may also be selected in certain cases to help restore vision.
We are here for you, to support your ocular health and treatment needs.
Conditions We Treat at Ross Eye Include:
- Fuchs Corneal Dystrophy
- Bullous Keratopathy
- Keratoconus
- Superficial Keratitis
- Thyroid Eye Disease
- Corneal ulcers
- Herpes simplex
Call 716-881-7900 or make an appointment online here.